Retinoid Ingredients

Adapalene is a third-generation retinoid, once prescription-only and now available over the counter for acne. It is prized for its stability and strong efficacy with less irritation than some other retinoids.

Retinaldehyde is a vitamin A derivative more potent than retinol because it needs only one conversion step to become active in the skin. This means faster results, often with less irritation than classic retinol.

Retinol is a vitamin A derivative and one of the most scientifically proven anti-aging ingredients. It works by speeding up skin cell renewal and stimulating collagen deep within the skin.

Retinyl palmitate is one of the mildest, gentlest retinoids, a vitamin A ester that the skin gradually converts to retinol and then its active form. It is an ideal entry point for anyone trying vitamin A for the first time.